APPLICATION OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FOR THE FOREST FIRE MONITORING

Abstract

The paper considers the problems of the forest industry, namely forest fires. Emphasis is placed on the suffering of the forests of Ukraine from large-scale fires. The main factors in reducing forest areas are forest fires. Despite the constant implementation of preventive and precautionary fire-fighting measures, fires affect large areas of forests, which places a heavy burden on the country's budget. In addition to direct detection of fires, assessment of their power and development forecast, the urgent task is to monitor the parameters of fires: area, perimeter of the edge and radiation power of the fire, damage, quantification of vegetation changes and more. The ability to determine the areas burned during large forest fires, allows you to make an inventory of the post-fire condition of forests. An important task of both economic and strategic nature is the study of dynamic changes and the state of forests. Highly informative observations from artificial satellites of the Earth make it possible to quickly and objectively assess the reserves of forest resources and investigate changes in them: fires, damage assessments, reforestation in fires and deforestation, clarification of estimates of forest damage by diseases and pests, fires, identification of cutting activities for the purpose of further control of their legality, solution of inventory problems, assessment of forest cover of territories, mapping of forest cover of areas and breed structure of forests. This allows to take timely measures for the rational use of forest resources and prevent damage.